Yale phd thesis

Yale phd thesis

En route to a Ph.D., students will receive a MS degree in Ecology & Evolutionary Biology. To do so, students must satisfy the course requirements specified above for the PhD. No Master’s thesis is required, and students do not need to advance to candidacy to receive the Master’s degree. Dissertation Research & Committee Meetings A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD, Ph.D., or DPhil; Latin philosophiae doctor or doctor philosophiae) is the most common degree at the highest academic level awarded following a course of study. PhDs are awarded for programs across the whole breadth of academic fields. Because it is an earned research degree, those studying for a PhD are required to produce original research that expands the May 06,  · Your undergraduate thesis, senior project, or other major research work. Time interning in a lab, with a cultural foundation, etc. Any publications you have produced or contributed to. Major presentations, talks, posters, or exhibits you have been involved in

Yale University - Wikipedia

Yale University is a private Ivy League research university in New Haven, Connecticut. Founded in as the Collegiate Schoolit is the third-oldest institution of higher education in the United States and among the yale phd thesis prestigious in the world. One of the nine Colonial Colleges chartered before the American Revolutionthe Collegiate School was renamed Yale College in to honor the school's largest private benefactor for the first century of its existence, Elihu Yale.

Originally restricted to theology and sacred languagesthe curriculum began to incorporate humanities and sciences by the time of the American Revolution. In the 19th century, the college expanded into graduate and professional instruction, awarding the first PhD in the United States in and organizing as a university in Yale's faculty and student populations grew after with rapid expansion of the physical campus and scientific research.

Yale is organized into fourteen constituent yale phd thesis the original undergraduate collegethe Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences and twelve professional schools.

While the university is governed by the Yale Corporationeach school's faculty oversees its curriculum and degree programs. In addition to a central campus in downtown New Haventhe university owns athletic facilities in western New Haven, a campus in West HavenYale phd thesis, and forests and nature preserves throughout New England.

As of October65 Nobel laureates, five Fields Medalists, four Abel Prize laureates, and three Turing award winners have been affiliated with Yale University. In addition, Yale yale phd thesis graduated many notable alumni, including five U. Presidents19 U. Supreme Court Justices31 living billionaires[12] and many heads of state, yale phd thesis. Hundreds of members of Congress and many U. diplomats78 MacArthur FellowsRhodes ScholarsMarshall Scholarsand nine Mitchell Scholars have been affiliated with the university.

Yale is a member of the Big Three colleges. Yale's current faculty include 67 members of the National Academy of Sciences[13] 55 members of the National Academy of Medicine[14] 8 members of the National Academy of Engineering[15] and members of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

Yale traces its beginnings to "An Act for Liberty to Erect a Collegiate School", a would-be charter passed during a meeting in New Haven by the General Court of the Colony of Connecticut on October 9, yale phd thesis, The Act was an effort to create an institution to train ministers and lay leadership for Connecticut.

Soon after, a group of ten Congregational ministers, yale phd thesis, Samuel AndrewThomas Buckingham, yale phd thesis, Israel Chauncy, Samuel Mather nephew of Increase MatherRev. James Noyes II son of James NoyesJames PierpontAbraham PiersonNoadiah RussellJoseph Webband Timothy Woodbridgeall alumni of Harvardmet in the study of Reverend Samuel Russelllocated in BranfordConnecticut, to donate their books to form the school's library. From its origin it is known as the "Collegiate School", the institution opened in the home of its first rectorAbraham Piersonwho is today considered the first president of Yale.

Pierson lived in Killingworth now Clinton. The school moved to Saybrook and then Wethersfield. Init moved to New Haven, Connecticut. Meanwhile, yale phd thesis was a rift forming at Harvard between its sixth president, Increase Matherand the rest of the Harvard clergy, whom Mather viewed as increasingly liberal, ecclesiastically lax, and overly broad in Church polity.

The feud caused the Mathers to champion the success of the Collegiate School in the hope that it would maintain the Puritan religious orthodoxy in a way that Harvard had not. Jason Haventhe minister at the First Church and Parish in Dedhamyale phd thesis, Massachusetts had been considered for the presidency on account of his orthodox theology and for "Neatness dignity and purity of Style [which] surpass those of all that have been mentioned," but was passed over due to his "very Valetudinary and infirm State of Health.

Inat the behest of either Rector Samuel Andrew or the colony's Governor Gurdon SaltonstallCotton Mather contacted the successful Boston born businessman Elihu Yale to ask him for financial help in constructing a new building for the college. Through the persuasion of Jeremiah DummerElihu "Eli" Yale, who had made a fortune in Madras while working for the East India Company as the first president of Fort St. George largely through secret contracts with Madras merchants that were illegal under Company policy [23]donated nine bales of goods, which were sold for more than £, a yale phd thesis sum of money at the time.

Cotton Mather suggested that the school change its name to "Yale College. Meanwhile, a Harvard graduate working in England convinced some prominent intellectuals to donate books to Yale, yale phd thesis.

The shipment of books represented the best of modern English literature, science, philosophy and theology at the time. Undergraduate Jonathan Edwards discovered John Locke's works and developed his original theology known as the "new divinity, yale phd thesis.

They were ordained in England and returned to the colonies as missionaries for the Anglican faith. Thomas Clapp became president in and while he attempted to return the college to Calvinist orthodoxy, he did not close the library. Other students found Deist books in the library. Yale, like many of the earliest American yale phd thesis, profited off and received funding through the slave trade. George included overseeing its slave tradealthough he himself was never a slave trader, never yale phd thesis slaves, and imposed several restrictions on it during his tenure.

InYale University removed a painting of Elihu Yale being attended to by a child slave. Calhoun it yale phd thesis now Hopper College, after Grace Hopper. Yale phd thesis College undergraduates follow a liberal arts curriculum with departmental majors and is organized into a social system of residential colleges. Yale was swept up by the great intellectual movements of the period—the Great Awakening and the Enlightenment —due to the religious and scientific interests of presidents Thomas Clap and Ezra Stiles.

They were both instrumental in developing the scientific curriculum at Yale while dealing with wars, yale phd thesis, student tumults, graffiti, "irrelevance" of curricula, desperate need for endowment and disagreements with the Connecticut legislature.

Serious American students of theology and divinity, particularly in New England, yale phd thesis, regarded Hebrew as a classical languagealong with Greek and Latinand essential for the study of the Old Testament in the original words. The Reverend Ezra Stilespresident of the college from tobrought with him his interest in the Hebrew language as a vehicle for studying ancient Biblical texts in their original language as was common in other schoolsrequiring all freshmen to study Hebrew in contrast to Harvard, where only upperclassmen were required to study yale phd thesis language and is responsible for the Hebrew phrase אורים ותמים Urim and Thummim on the Yale seal.

A graduate of Yale, Stiles came to the college with experience in education, having played an integral role in the founding of Brown Universityin addition to having been a minister. However, Yale graduate Edmund Fanningsecretary to the British general in command of the occupation, intervened and the college was saved. Inyale phd thesis, Fanning was granted an honorary degree LL. yale phd thesis his efforts. As the only college in Connecticut from toYale educated the sons of the elite.

During this period, Harvard was distinctive for the stability and maturity of its tutor corps, while Yale had youth and zeal on its side. The emphasis on classics gave rise to a number of private student societies, open only by invitation, which arose primarily as forums for discussions of modern scholarship, literature and politics.

The first such organizations were debating societies: Crotonia inLinonia in and Brothers in Unity in While the societies no longer exist, commemorations to them can be found with names given to campus structures, like Brothers in Unity Courtyard in Branford College.

The Yale Report of was a dogmatic defense of the Latin and Greek curriculum against critics who wanted more courses in modern languages, mathematics, and science. Unlike higher education in Europethere was no national curriculum for colleges and universities in the United States. In the competition for students and financial support, college leaders strove to keep current with demands for innovation, yale phd thesis.

At the same time, yale phd thesis, they realized that a significant portion of their students and prospective students demanded a classical background.

The Yale report meant the classics would not be abandoned. During this period, all institutions experimented with changes in the curriculum, often resulting in a dual-track curriculum.

In the decentralized environment of higher education in the United States, balancing change with tradition was a common challenge because it was difficult for an institution to be completely modern or completely classical. They concentrated on developing a person possessed of religious values strong enough to sufficiently resist temptations from within, yet flexible enough to adjust to the ' isms ' professionalismmaterialismyale phd thesis, individualismand consumerism tempting him from without.

Sumner bested President Noah Porterwho disliked the social sciences and wanted Yale to lock into its traditions of classical education. Porter objected to Sumner's use of a textbook by Herbert Spencer that espoused agnostic materialism because it might harm students.

Untilthe legal name of the university was "The President and Fellows of Yale College, in New Haven. The Revolutionary War soldier Nathan Hale Yale was the archetype of the Yale ideal in the early 19th century: a manly yet aristocratic scholar, equally well-versed in knowledge and sports, and a patriot who "regretted" that he "had but one life to lose" for his country.

Western painter Frederic Remington Yale was an artist whose heroes gloried in the combat and tests of strength in the Wild West. The fictional, turn-of-theth-century Yale man Frank Merriwell embodied this same heroic ideal without racial prejudice, and his fictional successor Frank Stover in the novel Stover at Yale questioned the business mentality that had become prevalent at the school.

Increasingly the students turned to athletic stars as their heroes, especially since winning the big game became the goal of the student body, the alumni, and the team itself. Along with Harvard and Princetonyale phd thesis, Yale students rejected British concepts about ' amateurism ' in sports and constructed athletic programs that were uniquely American, such as football.

Betweenwhen Harvard and Yale met in one of the first intercollegiate debates[47] [ page needed ] and in the year of the first Triangular Debate of Harvard, Yale and Princeton the rhetoric, symbolism, and metaphors used in athletics were used to frame these early debates, yale phd thesis. Debates were covered on front pages of college newspapers and emphasized in yearbooksand team members even received the equivalent of athletic letters for their jackets.

There were also rallies to send off the debating teams to matches, but the debates never attained the broad appeal that athletics enjoyed. One reason may be that debates do not have a clear winner, as is the case in sports, and that scoring is subjective. In addition, with late 19th-century concerns about the impact of modern life on the human body, athletics offered hope that neither the individual nor the society was coming apart.

In —10, football faced yale phd thesis crisis resulting from the failure of the previous reforms of —06, which sought to solve the problem of serious injuries. There was a mood of alarm and mistrust, and, while the yale phd thesis was developing, the presidents of Harvard, Yale, and Princeton developed a project to reform the sport and forestall possible radical changes forced by government upon the sport. Presidents Arthur Hadley of Yale, A.

Lawrence Lowell of Harvard, and Woodrow Wilson of Princeton worked to develop moderate reforms to reduce yale phd thesis. Their attempts, however, were reduced by rebellion against the rules committee and the formation of the Intercollegiate Athletic Association.

While the big three had attempted to operate independently of the majority, the changes pushed did reduce injuries. Starting with the addition of the Yale School of Medicine inthe college expanded gradually from then on, establishing the Yale Divinity School inYale Law School inthe Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences inthe now-defunct Sheffield Scientific School in[50] and the Yale School of Fine Arts in Inunder the presidency of Timothy Dwight VYale College was renamed to Yale University, and the former name was subsequently applied only to the undergraduate college.

Expansion caused controversy about Yale's new roles. Noah Portera moral philosopher, was president from to During an age of tremendous expansion in higher education, Porter resisted the rise of the new research university, claiming that an eager embrace of its ideals would corrupt undergraduate education.

Many of Porter's contemporaries criticized his administration, and historians since have disparaged his leadership. Levesque concludes, mention how he may have misunderstood some of the challenges of his time, but he correctly anticipated the enduring tensions that have accompanied the emergence and growth of yale phd thesis modern university. Milton Winternitz led the Yale School of Medicine as its dean from to Dedicated to the new scientific medicine established in Germany, he was equally fervent about "social medicine" and the study of humans in their culture and environment.

He established the "Yale System" of teaching, with few lectures and fewer exams, and strengthened the full-time faculty system; he also created the graduate-level Yale School of Nursing and the psychiatry department and built numerous new buildings. Progress toward his plans for an Institute of Human Relations, envisioned as a refuge where social scientists would collaborate with biological scientists in a holistic study of humankind, unfortunately, lasted for only a few years before the opposition of resentful anti-Semitic colleagues drove him to resign.

Before World War IImost elite university faculties counted among their numbers few, if any, Jews, blacks, women, or other minorities; Yale was no exception. By yale phd thesis, this condition had been altered dramatically, as numerous members of those groups held faculty positions.

Inyale phd thesis, Lucinda Foote passed the entrance exams for Yale College, but was rejected by the president on the basis of her gender. InYale began discussions with its sister school Vassar College about merging to foster coeducation at the undergraduate level.

Vassar, then all-female and part of the Seven Sisters —elite higher education schools that historically served as yale phd thesis institutions to the Ivy League when most Ivy League institutions still only admitted men—tentatively accepted, but then declined the invitation.

73 Questions with a Yale PhD Student in History and African American Studies - Kaelyn Grace Apple

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Mar 31,  · Ph.D. in nursing at Yale University At Yale University in Connecticut, the School of Nursing offers full funding to its Ph.D. students. They receive a En route to a Ph.D., students will receive a MS degree in Ecology & Evolutionary Biology. To do so, students must satisfy the course requirements specified above for the PhD. No Master’s thesis is required, and students do not need to advance to candidacy to receive the Master’s degree. Dissertation Research & Committee Meetings A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD, Ph.D., or DPhil; Latin philosophiae doctor or doctor philosophiae) is the most common degree at the highest academic level awarded following a course of study. PhDs are awarded for programs across the whole breadth of academic fields. Because it is an earned research degree, those studying for a PhD are required to produce original research that expands the